All About Skunks

Skunks are common animals throughout the United States and are known for their ability to spray a foul-smelling liquid as a protection measure. Skunks come in multiple species, such as the hog-nosed skunk, hooded skunk, eastern spotted skunk, western spotted skunk, and striped skunk.

Skunks Appearance

Skunks can be a variety of colors but typically are black and white, cream, and brown. They can range in size but are most often 15-35 inches in length. Hog-nosed skunks are the largest, and spotted skunks are the smallest. Most skunks are black-and-white in color, and all species have stripes. These stripes can range in appearance from broken stripes, spotty stripes, or thin stripes on their legs. Even from the moment they’re born, skunks will have stripes.

Life-Style

Skunks are known to live 2-10 years, varying by species. Skunks don’t hibernate in the winter but aren’t very active during the winter months. When spring rolls around, the skunk mating season begins. Female skunks are known to live in groups up to 12 in one den. Males typically live and travel alone. 

Skunks give birth to their young alive. Skunks have a superb sense of smell, making up for their poor eyesight. They are unable to see and register objects that are 10 feet away, putting them at a disadvantage. Skunks prefer to live in burrows in the ground, making them a common site in wooded areas where the ground is soft. They prefer to live in rural areas but aren’t uncommon in suburban or urban areas.

What Skunks Eat

Skunks are omnivores, meaning they will eat both plants and animals. Skunks are known to eat insects, worms, larvae, snakes, frogs, moles, eggs, leaves, roots, berries, and more. Skunks will change their diet based on the season and what’s available. Because of their diet, skunks prefer to live in woodlands and areas where wildlife is prevalent. They typically stay away from the food we eat but are known to eat pet food.

Typical Behavior

Skunks, when not breeding, are non-aggressive and stay away from humans. Around the time that females give birth, they will expand their dens to accommodate the incoming litter. This is generally the time that they are most aggressive and should be avoided if possible. Skunks are born deaf and blind. 

Skunks are nocturnal, meaning you won’t typically see a skunk during the daytime hours. You’ll very rarely see a skunk in a group as they prefer to hunt and forage by themselves. It’s quite uncommon for a skunk to make their dens in your home as they prefer to stay away from humans whenever possible.

Skunk Species- Location and Behaviors

Skunks are found all across the United States with certain species found in certain areas. Here is a short guide as to what species of skunk you might find in your neighborhood.

The hog-nosed skunk is found throughout Texas, Arizona, and parts of Oklahoma. It can be identified by its large snout that looks similar to hogs, hence the name. They prefer to eat insects and vegetation, but will occasionally eat small mammals.

The hooded skunk is mostly found in the dry low-lands of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. They prefer to live in canyons, grasslands, pastures, deserts, and woodlands. They usually live in abandoned burrows and rock crevices as opposed to digging out their own burrows. They are best identified by being smaller and leaner than other skunks, typically weighing around 5 pounds. Their heads are triangular, and their tails are longer than their bodies.

The eastern spotted skunk is located in the middle of the United States, as far south as Florida, and as far east as the Appalachian Mountains in Virginia. They mostly eat rabbits, smaller rodents, birds, and fruits. They can be identified by their slender, weasel-like bodies, shorter body length, and black and white coloration that’s spotty throughout their body. Their eyes are small and spread wide apart.

The western spotted skunk is located throughout the entirety of the west coast. They feed on insects, lizards, and vegetation. They attempt to reserve fat before the winter. They have a slender, weasel-like body, and ears that are set low on their heads.

The striped skunk is found throughout the entirety of the United States, into southern and central Canada, and Northern Mexico. Striped skunks are able to lose 50% of their body fat during winter months. Males are larger than females. During the spring months striped skunks eat insects and vegetation. During the summer months, their diet changes to mainly carnivorous where they’ll eat small mammals, eggs, and hatchlings.

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